Home reports Cyber / IT Secure positioning, navigation and time measurement in the event of disturbed GNSS
Secure positioning, navigation and time measurement in the event of disturbed GNSS
Gerhard Heiming
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) such as NavSTaR GPS (Navigational Satellite Timing and Ranging Global Positioning System), which is best known as the first available system, but also the European Galileo or the Russian Glonass (Global Navigation Satellite System) transmit continuously with (very weak) electronic signals indicate their position and the exact time. Navigation systems on the ground can calculate the exact position from the signals from at least four satellites and provide time signals to synchronize activities on the ground. As a larger number of satellites are evaluated, the accuracy of position and time information increases. This is used, among other things, in vehicle/aircraft/ship navigation but also in the control of time-critical applications such as power grids, in modern telecommunications networks or in financial transactions.
The weak signals can be overlaid (jamming) or distorted and deliberately changed (spoofing) by terrestrial transmitters that are only slightly stronger.
In recent weeks there have been increasing reports of such disruptions from sea areas in the Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean, which have led to the cancellation/cancellation of shipping trips and flights for safety reasons. Russian units on ships or on land (e.g. in the Kaliningrad enclave) are suspected to be responsible. This has highlighted the dependence of many standard processes in daily life on the availability of GPS signals.
Auch in militärischen Waffensystemen sind Navigationssysteme weit verbreitet. Sie dienen u.a. bei Geschützen zur Beschleunigung bei der Ausführung von Feuerkommandos mit dem Ziel von präzisen Erstschusstreffern. Die Bedeutung steigt angesichts der verbesserten Aufklärungsmöglichkeiten und damit immer kürzeren Zeiten für einen Feuerhalt (shoot and scoot).
In Germany, precise positioning management (ppm) GmbH sells GNSS antennas from Hexagon subsidiary NovAtel, which provide reliable information using anti-jam technology from disturbed GNNS signals. According to Hexagon's description, the GAJT-710 and 410 series can detect and compensate for interference signals fully automatically. The fully encapsulated, seaworthy device with a diameter of 289 mm and a height of 120 mm weighs approx. 7.5 kg and is suitable for processing signals from GPS, Galileo and the Japanese QZSS, among other things. Interference signals of up to 42 dB can be compensated or suppressed.
<html lang=en><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, width=device-width"><title>Error 403 (Forbidden)!!1</title><style nonce="E8tUHVXtnirHFbkNc8TGrg">*{margin:0;padding:0}html,code{font:15px/22px arial,sans-serif}html{background:#fff;color:#222;padding:15px}body{color:#222;text-align:unset;margin:7% auto 0;max-width:390px;min-height:180px;padding:30px 0 15px;}* > body{background:url(//www.google.com/images/errors/robot.png) 100% 5px no-repeat;padding-right:205px}p{margin:11px 0 22px;overflow:hidden}pre{white-space:pre-wrap;}ins{color:#777;text-decoration:none}a img{border:0}@media screen and (max-width:772px){body{background:none;margin-top:0;max-width:none;padding-right:0}}#logo{background:url(//www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_150x54dp.png) no-repeat;margin-left:-5px}@media only screen and (min-resolution:192dpi){#logo{background:url(//www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/2x/googlelogo_color_150x54dp.png) no-repeat 0% 0%/100% 100%;-moz-border-image:url(//www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/2x/googlelogo_color_150x54dp.png) 0}}@media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:2){#logo{background:url(//www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/2x/googlelogo_color_150x54dp.png) no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:100% 100%}}#logo{display:inline-block;height:54px;width:150px}</style><main id="af-error-container" role="main"><a href=//www.google.com><span id=logo aria-label=Google role=img></span></a><p>403. <ins>That’s an error.</ins><p>We're sorry, but you do not have access to this page. <ins>That’s all we know.</ins></main>
Gerhard Heiming